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Battle of 42nd Street
The Battle of 42nd Street (27 May 1941) was a battle fought during World War II on the Greek island of Crete. On 20 May, Nazi Germany launched an airborne invasion of Crete. A week later, after the British and Commonwealth forces defending the island had been forced to withdraw towards Canea, a force of several understrength Australian and New Zealand infantry battalions established a defensive line along the Hania to Tsikslaria road (Tsikalarion) south-east of Canea, forming a rearguard for the withdrawing troops. On 27 May, as a German battalion advanced towards the road, the Anzac defenders carried out a bayonet charge that inflicted heavy casualties on the German attackers, which forced them to withdraw and briefly halted the German advance.
==Background==
Canea, a town on the north coast of Crete, was important to the military defence of Crete. Earlier British and Commonwealth forces had been defeated in Greece by the Germans and had retreated to Crete in late April 1941. While there were between 27,000 and 28,000 troops on Crete to defend it – under the command of New Zealander Major General Bernard Freyberg – most were only lightly armed because the heavier equipment had been left in Greece during the evacuation. Although the Germans were able to dominate the skies due to their superior airpower, the British Royal Navy had control of the sea. The German plan – codenamed ''Unternehmen Merkur'' (Operation Mercury) – was to use paratroopers and gliders to send forces down by air, and on 20/21 May the first landings began, concentrated around four points: Maleme, Canea, Retimo and Heraklion.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Battle of 42nd Street )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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